Neurological disorders have been linked to a defective blood–brain barrier (BBB), with
dysfunctions triggered by stage-specific disease mechanisms, some of these being …

Purpose of the review: The synchronic development of vascular and nervous systems is
orchestrated by common molecules that regulate the communication between both systems …

During development, the central nervous system (CNS) vasculature grows to precisely meet
the metabolic demands of neurons and glia. In addition, the vast majority of the CNS …

All retinoids, which can be natural and synthetic, are chemically related to vitamin A. Both
natural and synthetic retinoids use specific nuclear receptors such as retinoic acid receptors …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is perceived with various pathophysiological characteristics such
oxidative stress, senile plaques, neuroinflammation, altered neurotransmission …

Cerebral pericytes are an integral component of the neurovascular unit, which governs the
blood–brain barrier. There is paucity of knowledge on cortical pericytes across different …

Retinoic acid is a metabolic product derived from vitamin A, acting at a nuclear level to
maintain the proper transcriptional activity. Moreover, this molecule contributes to the …

Retinoic acid (RA) signaling is essential for multiple developmental processes, including
appropriate pancreas formation from the foregut endoderm. RA is also required to generate …

Dynamic brain activity requires timely communications between the brain parenchyma and
circulating blood. Brain–blood communication is facilitated by intricate networks of brain …

Formation of the vasculature is an essential developmental process, delivering oxygen and
nutrients to support cellular processes needed for tissue growth and maturation. Retinoic …