The vascular inflammatory response involves complex interaction between inflammatory
cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages), endothelial cells (ECs), vascular …

Chronic inflammatory mediators exert pleiotropic effects in the development of cancer. On
the one hand, inflammation favors carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth …

▪ Abstract Statins are potent inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis. In clinical trials, statins are
beneficial in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. However, the …

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors or statins are potent
inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis. Several large clinical trials have demonstrated the …

The signal transduction pathways activated by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-
1) have been the focus of much attention because of the important role that IL-1 plays in …

Cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix and with neighboring cells profoundly
influence a variety of signaling events including those involved in mitogenesis, survival, and …

Abstract Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed on innate immune cells and
respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. When …

The Toll/interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor (TIR) family comprises two groups of transmembrane
proteins, which share functional and structural properties. The members of the IL-1 receptor …

The toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) has gained importance as a major mammalian receptor for
lipoproteins derived from the cell wall of a variety of bacteria, such as Borrelia burgdorferi …

Recognition of pathogen‐associated molecular signatures is critically important in proper
activation of the immune system. The toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling network is …