Social–ecological systems research suffers from a disconnect between hierarchical (top-
down or bottom-up) and network (peer-to-peer) analyses. The concept of the heterarchy …

Throughout human history, people have lived in societies without formalized government.
We argue that the theory of anarchism presents a productive framework for analyzing …

Political economy approaches have been criticized for their focus on top-down processes
with insufficient attention to non-elite agency. Here, we expand archaeological applications …

Much recent archaeological literature has stressed the variety of forms that early non-
egalitarian societies may take. This variety has been characterized as “horizontal” variation …

This dissertation explores the topic of tribal social organization using archaeological data
from prehistoric eastern Hungary. In order to model long-term changes in “middle-range” or …

Archaeological studies of specialized craft production in hierarchies often highlight the
crucial roles of prestige goods in ancient political economies. Yet elaborate crafted items are …

Complex Communities explores how sedentary settlements developed and flourished in the
Middle East during the Early Iron Age nearly four thousand years ago. Using archaeological …

This study represents a contribution to the pre-Colonial archaeology of the Windward
Islands in the Caribbean. The research aimed to determine how the Ceramic Age (ca. 400 …

Las relaciones que se establecieron entre las comunidades indígenas de la Guajira
(Colombia y Venezuela) con las sociedades y autoridades de las provincias de Riohacha y …

The Postclassic period (AD 900-1521) in Mesoamerica marked an era of significant social
change. During this period of time in the American Southwest, Puebloan cultures also …