In December, 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and quickly spread
globally. As of May 7, 2020, there were 3 672 238 confirmed infections and 254 045 deaths …

Currently, medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are glucocorticoids (GCs) and
nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), predominantly used for controlling the pain …

Drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cell populations were originally discovered in antibiotic-
resistant bacterial biofilms. Similar populations with comparable features have since been …

There are numerous extra-and intra-cellular processes involved in the production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS). Augmented ROS generation can cause the damage of biomolecules …

This article reviews the mechanisms that lead to the development of Graves'
ophthalmopathy. A central feature in its development is autoimmunity that involves not only T …

Cancer cells without mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) do not form tumors unless they
reconstitute oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by mitochondria acquired from host …

Once a rarely used subset of medical treatments, protein therapeutics have increased
dramatically in number and frequency of use since the introduction of the first recombinant …

The inflammatory process is usually tightly regulated, involving both signals that initiate and
maintain inflammation and signals that shut the process down. An imbalance between the …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall where both innate and adaptive
immunoinflammatory mechanisms are involved. Inflammation is central at all stages of …

Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of treatment with rituximab plus methotrexate
(MTX) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had an inadequate response to …