Ischaemic stroke involves the rapid onset of focal neurological dysfunction, most commonly
due to an arterial blockage in a specific region of the brain. Stroke is a leading cause of …

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. A key secondary cell death
mechanism mediating neurological damage following the initial episode of ischemic stroke …

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and currently lacks effective therapy enabling long-
term functional recovery. Ischemic brain injury causes local inflammation, which involves …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a widely expressed ligand-
modulated transcription factor that governs the expression of genes involved in …

BACKGROUND: A growing number of recent investigations have established a critical role
for leukocytes in propagating tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion in stroke …

Contrary to previous dogmas, it is now well established that brain cells can produce
cytokines and chemokines, and can express adhesion molecules that enable an in situ …

Focal cerebral ischemia elicits a strong inflammatory response involving early recruitment of
granulocytes and delayed infiltration of ischemic areas and the boundary zones by T cells …

Background and Purpose—Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of proteolytic
enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix and are implicated in numerous pathological …

There is increasing evidence that nitric oxide (NO), a free radical that can act both as a
signaling molecule and a neurotoxin, is involved in the mechanisms of cerebral ischemia …

Microglia are a major glial component of the central nervous system (CNS) and are
extremely sessile. Only a subtype, the perivascular microglia, are regularly replaced from the …