Metals are essential components in all forms of life required for the function of nearly half of
all enzymes and are critically involved in virtually all fundamental biological processes …

Calcium (Ca 2+) signals play fundamental roles in immune cell function. The main sources
of Ca 2+ influx in mammalian lymphocytes following antigen receptor stimulation are Ca 2+ …

Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) are a major pathway for calcium signaling in
virtually all metozoan cells and serve a wide variety of functions ranging from gene …

Ca2+ release‐activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels mediate a specific form of Ca2+ influx
called store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that contributes to the function of many cell types …

Ion channels and transporters mediate the transport of charged ions across hydrophobic
lipid membranes. In immune cells, divalent cations such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc …

Stromal interaction molecule (STIM) proteins function in cells as dynamic coordinators of
cellular calcium (Ca2+) signals. Spanning the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, they …

Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is
evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. SOCE is triggered physiologically when the …

Lymphocyte function is regulated by a network of ion channels and transporters in the
plasma membrane of B and T cells. These proteins modulate the cytoplasmic concentrations …

The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) and the American
College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) have jointly accepted responsibility for …

Ca2+ entry into cells of the peripheral immune system occurs through highly Ca2+-selective
channels known as CRAC (calcium release-activated calcium) channels. CRAC channels …