Sauropod dinosaurs are a group of herbivorous dinosaurs which exceeded all other
terrestrial vertebrates in mean and maximal body size. Sauropod dinosaurs were also the …

The defining masterwork on the evolution of reptiles. Over 300 million years ago, an early
land vertebrate developed an egg that contained the embryo in an amnion, allowing it to be …

If aging is a physiological phenomenon—as maintained by the programmed aging paradigm—
it must be caused by specific genetically determined and regulated mechanisms, which must …

Dentitions of the sympatric herbivorous dinosaurs Hungarosaurus (Ankylosauria,
Nodosauridae) and Mochlodon (Ornithopoda, Rhabdodontidae)(Santonian, Hungary) were …

High megaherbivore species richness is documented in both fossil and contemporary
ecosystems despite their high individual energy requirements. An extreme example of this is …

The Upper Cretaceous Winton Formation of Queensland, Australia, has produced several
partial sauropod skeletons, but cranial remains—including teeth—remain rare. Herein, we …

Birds stand out from other egg-laying amniotes by producing relatively small numbers of
large eggs with very short incubation periods (average 11–85 d). This aspect promotes high …

Tooth attachment and implantation are two classical descriptors of dental anatomy. Tooth
attachment distinguishes between teeth that are either fused to the jaw by bone, or …

Background The dentitions of extinct organisms can provide pivotal information regarding
their phylogenetic position, as well as paleobiology, diet, development, and growth. Extant …

Tooth replacement rate is an important contributor to feeding ecology for polyphyodont
animals. Dinosaurs exhibit a wide range of tooth replacement rates, mirroring their diverse …