ABSTRACT Preclinical Research MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding
RNAs that suppress gene expression at the post‐transcriptional level. In the past decade …

Melanoma is a life-threatening malignancy with poor prognosis and a relatively high burden
of mortality in advanced stages. The efficacy of current available therapeutic strategies is …

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors and is associated with aggressiveness and
poor patient outcomes. Exosomes, initially considered to be cellular “garbage dumpsters,” …

Gliomas are primary, diffusely infiltrating brain tumors. Microglia are innate immune cells in
the CNS and make up a substantial portion of the tumor mass. Glioma cells shape their …

Background Although anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy is
greatly effective in melanoma treatment, low response rate and treatment resistance …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to target sites and initiating
translational repression and/or mRNA degradation. In our previous study, we have shown …

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in many diseases including
cancer. LncRNA CASC2 (cancer susceptibility candidate 2) has been characterized as a …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNA, posttranscriptionally regulate the
expression of genes. Aberrant expression of miRNA is reported in various types of cancer …

Glioma is the most aggressive brain tumor of the central nervous system. The ability of
glioma cells to migrate, rapidly diffuse and invade normal adjacent tissue, their sustained …

Metastasis is a phenomenon of crucial importance in defining prognosis in patients with
cancer and is often responsible for cancer-related mortality. It is known that several steps are …