Sexual differentiation of reproductive and behavior patterns is largely effected by hormones
produced by the gonads. In many higher vertebrates, an integral part of this process is the …

Rodent sex differences in the following tests are reviewed: the open field, emergence from
the home cage, active and passive avoidance learning, reaction to shock, and heart rate …

How do human emotions arise, what functions do they serve, what is their evolutionary
background, how do they relate to behaviour and the brain? These questions are put, and …

Presents human and animal experimental and clinical findings from genetics,
endocrinology, neurosurgery, psychology, and anthropology on sexual differentiation. In …

Sex differences in many nonreproductive behaviors have been described in rodents. Among
the behaviors that are sexually dimorphic in the rat are activity, aggression, pain, and taste …

The male predominance of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is one of the best-known, and
at the same time, one of the least understood characteristics of these disorders. In this paper …

The evidence reviewed suggests that in all mammalian species the adult male's ability to
display masculine coital behavior depends in part on exposure of the developing brain to …

Male rats are generally found to be significantly less active and to defecate more than
female rats in the open-field test. In developmental studies, these differences were shown to …

The results of six experiments designed to investigate the hormonal basis of the sex
differences in the occurrence of social play in the rat are reported. From the time of weaning …

The organizational, activational and reorganizational effects of gonadal hormones have
been extensively investigated with respect to sexual, aggressive and maternal behavior. It …