Cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs),
such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, where they control multiple aspects of the …

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a recently described IL-10 family cytokine that is produced by T
helper (Th) 17 cells, γδ T cells, NKT cells, and newly described innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) …

Intestinal mucosal barrier function is the capacity of the intestine to provide adequate
containment of luminal microorganisms and molecules while preserving the ability to absorb …

In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal mucosa cell and intestinal epithelial cell are
severely damaged, and then their susceptibility to bacteria increases, so many commensal …

In the last decade, the full picture of the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has been
gradually revealed. ILCs are classified into 3 groups based on their transcription factors and …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease thought to be mediated
by the microbiota of the intestinal lumen and inappropriate immune responses. Aberrant …

Metabolic regulation is integral to the proper functioning of innate lymphoid cells, yet the
underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that disruption of exogenous proline …

The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells that secrete mucus
toward the lumen, which collectively separates the immune sentinels in the underlying …

Abstract Changes in diet and microbiota have determining effects on the function of the
mucosal immune system. For example, the active metabolite of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA) …

Dysregulation of immune responses in the gut often associates with inflammatory bowel
diseases (IBD). Mouse CD1d1, an ortholog of human CD1d mainly participating in lipid …