The purpose with this review is to provide a presentation of the background for the current
position for district heating and cooling in the world, with some deeper insights into …

Fossil fuels have been a major contributor to greenhouse gases, the amounts of which could
be reduced if biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel were used for transportation. One of …

This paper defines the concept of 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) including the
relations to District Cooling and the concepts of smart energy and smart thermal grids. The …

The present study explores the implementation of district heating and cooling systems
across a broad set of case studies reported in the literature. Topics addressed include their …

Industrial heat is important in Europe's energy consumption and dominated by fossil fuels.
Therefore, promoting renewables in this sector is vital to move Europe towards a low-carbon …

The growing environmental concerns and the prospect of irreversible climate change
highlight the necessity for the rapid transformation from fossil-based economy to the modern …

Geothermal heat is an energy source that is local, reliable, resilient, environmentally-
friendly, and sustainable. This natural energy is produced from the heat within the earth, and …

Green logistics (GL) is the main development trend of modern logistics. Green logistics is an
inherent condition and a basic system of the development of circular economy (CE). Circular …

Energy crops constitute significant potential for meeting the future energy need worldwide. In
addition, agricultural lands offer an alternative to the agriculture which is referred to as …

Bioeconomy is seen as a key strategic innovation pillar in the European Union, and this
involves, among other things, mobilizing biomass resources. This study presents a geo …