Melasma is a prevalent chronic relapsing pigmentary disorder that affects photoexposed
areas, especially in women of childbearing age. Although there is currently no curative …

Melasma is a common malady affecting all races with a higher incidence in Hispanics,
Middle Eastern, Asians, and African origin females (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III–V) …

Background Melasma is a disorder of hyperpigmentation and vascularization often found in
women between the ages of 20 and 40. The pathogenesis is unknown, but melasma often …

The aim of this study was to prepare dissolving microneedles (DMNs) patches containing
tranexamic acid (TA) for the treatment of melasma. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and …

Post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common cosmetic complaint affecting
patient quality of life. PIH has been proven to disproportionately affect skin of color. While …

Materials and Methods: A systematic search was performed for all topical and systemic
treatments for melasma up till May 4, 2021, using the PubMed and EMBASE databases …

Microneedle technology involves skin puncturing and has emerged as an innovative
approach for drug delivery and cosmetic applications. MNs offer advantages over traditional …

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of broadband light (BBL) combined with
intradermal injection of tranexamic acid for treating melasma. Methods 120 women with …

Melasma is an acquired hypermelanotic condition characterized by the presence of irregular
light-to-dark brown macules that primarily manifest on the sun-exposed areas of the skin …

Melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP),
confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud (CARP), erythema …