Skeletal muscles play important roles in critical body functions and their injury or disease
can lead to limitation of mobility and loss of independence. Current treatments result in …

Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been extensively applied on tissue engineering because of its
low‐melting temperature, good processability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical …

Biochemical and biophysical cues directly affect cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation,
and phenotype, as well as differentiation; thus, they have been commonly utilized for …

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of biomaterials provides an interesting alternative for the
production of allograft tissues and organs to circumvent the incidences of donor scarcity and …

In recent years, research on multifunctional conductive hydrogels has focused on improving
their mechanical properties. However, challenges remain in achieving all these properties …

Human skeletal muscle is composed of intricate anatomical structures, including uniaxially
arranged myotubes and widely distributed blood capillaries. In this regard, vascularization is …

Anisotropic microarchitectures arising from an aligned organization of threadlike
extracellular matrix (ECM) components or cells are ubiquitous in the human body, such as …

The development of the three‐dimensional (3D) printer has resulted in significant advances
in a number of fields, including rapid prototyping and biomedical devices. For 3D structures …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a highly effective technique for fabricating cell-
loaded constructs in tissue engineering. However, the versatility of fabricating precise and …

For muscle regeneration, a uniaxially arranged micropattern is important to mimic the
structure of the natural extracellular matrix. Recently, cell electrospinning (CE) has been …