ABSTRACT β-Lactamases, the major resistance determinant for β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-
negative bacteria, are ancient enzymes whose origins can be traced back millions of years …

SUMMARY Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains are responsible for a
majority of human extraintestinal infections globally, resulting in enormous direct medical …

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major global
public health concern. Presently, Escherichia coli with CTX-Ms are the most common …

Globally, rates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are rising. We undertook a literature
review, and present the temporal trends in bla CTX-M epidemiology, showing that bla CTX …

Antimicrobial therapy is a mainstay of the management for patients with acute cholangitis
and/or cholecystitis. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG 18) provides recommendations for the …

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 emerged in
the 2000s as important human pathogens, have spread extensively throughout the world …

In 2008, a previously unknown Escherichia coli clonal group, sequence type 131 (ST131),
was identified on three continents. Today, ST131 is the predominant E. coli lineage among …

The β‐lactams—a large class of diverse compounds—due to their excellent safety profile
and broad antimicrobial spectrum are considered to be the most widely used therapeutic …

Production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is the principal mechanism of
resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins evolved by members of the family …

Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains cause a wide variety of intestinal and extraintestinal
infections. The widespread geographical clonal dissemination of intestinal pathogenic E …