Spina Bifida | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content The New England Journal
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Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt placement is the most common procedure
performed by pediatric neurosurgeons, shunts remain among the most failure-prone life …

Hydrocephalus is classically considered as a failure of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
homeostasis that results in the active expansion of the cerebral ventricles. Infants with …

Pharmacological interventions have been tested experimentally and clinically to prevent
hydrocephalus and avoid the need for shunting beginning in the 1950s. Clinical trials of …

Infantile and Childhood Hydrocephalus | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content
The New England Journal of Medicine homepage Advanced Search SEARCH SPECIALTIES …

OBJECTIVE Endoscopic third ventriculostomy combined with choroid plexus cauterization
(ETV+ CPC) has been adopted by many pediatric neurosurgeons as an alternative to …

Shunt surgery is the main treatment modality for hydrocephalus, the leading cause of brain
surgery in children. The efficacy of shunt surgery, particularly in infant hydrocephalus …

Neonatal hydrocephalus represents an important pathological condition with significant
impact on medical care and neurocognitive development. This condition requires early …

Open spina bifida or myelomeningocele (MMC) is one of the most common serious
congenital malformations. Historically, this condition has been treated with closure of the …

Background Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is a common treatment for patients with
hydrocephalus (HC). VPS is associated with complications that may lead to shunt revisions …