Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is currently unknown whether …

Baricitinib is a JAK1/2 inhibitor that was first approved for treating moderate to severe
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but that later showed considerable efficacy in the control of …

Purpose of Review IL-6 is a pleiotropic, pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an integral role
in the development of acute and chronic rejection after solid organ transplantation. This …

Transplantation (Tx) remains the optimal therapy for end-stage disease (ESD) of various
solid organs. Although alloimmune events remain the leading cause of long-term allograft …

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have an increased risk of mortality compared with the …

Lung transplantation has developed significantly in recent years, but post-transplant care
and patients' survival still need to be improved. Moreover, organ shortage urges novel …

Allograft rejection remains the major hurdle in lung transplantation despite modern
immunosuppressive treatment. As part of the alloreactive process, B cells are increasingly …

Although solid organ transplant results have improved significantly in recent decades, a
pivotal cause of impaired long-term outcome is the development of antibody-mediated …

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by
progressive obstruction of airways due to chronic inflammation. Both genetic and …

Cytokines, soluble mediators of the immune system, play a critical role in the pathogenesis
of autoimmune, allergic and infectious diseases. They are also implicated in the initiation …