Abstract The Hindu Kush–Karakoram–Himalayan system, named the Third Pole because it
is the largest global store of frozen water after the polar regions, provides a reliable water …

The alpine belt hosts the treeless vegetation above the high elevation climatic treeline. The
way alpine plants manage to thrive in a climate that prevents tree growth is through small …

Rivers originating in High Mountain Asia are crucial lifelines for one-third of the world's
population. These fragile headwaters are now experiencing amplified climate change …

Himalayan glaciers supply meltwater to densely populated catchments in South Asia, and
regional observations of glacier change over multiple decades are needed to understand …

Historically, the climate of the HKH has experienced significant changes that are closely
related to the rise and fall of regional cultures and civilizations. Studies show well …

Extreme precipitation events are one of the most dangerous hydrometeorological disasters,
often resulting in significant human and socio-economic losses worldwide. It is therefore …

Climate change will impact the dynamics of invasive alien plant species (IAPS). However,
the ability of IAPS under changing climate to invade mountain ecosystems, particularly the …

Abstract Changes in precipitation have been widely considered as a critical indicator of
climate change. This is of prime importance to assess the strength and magnitude of these …

Spatiotemporal rainfall trend analysis as an indicator of climatic change provides critical
information for improved water resource planning. However, the spatiotemporal changing …

Remote electrification remains a critical issue for the Gilgit Batistan region of Pakistan,
where most of the population lives without access to the national grid and mostly relies on …