The quark model was formulated in 1964 to classify mesons as bound states made of a
quark–antiquark pair, and baryons as bound states made of three quarks. For a long time all …

Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons, whose interactions can be
described by a local SU (3) gauge symmetry with charges called “color quantum numbers” …

Multiquark resonances are undoubtedly experimentally observed. The number of states and
the amount of details on their properties have been growing over the years. It is very recent …

We develop the spectroscopy of cc¯ cc¯ and other all-heavy tetraquark states in the
dynamical diquark model. In the most minimal form of the model (eg, each diquark appears …

Glueballs, hybrids and multiquark states are predicted as bound states in models guided by
quantum chromo dynamics (QCD), by QCD sum rules or QCD on a lattice. Estimates for the …

A review of the theoretical and experimental status of hybrid hadrons is presented. The
states π 1 (1400), π 1 (1600), and π 1 (2015) are thoroughly reviewed, along with …

Using a new type of simulation algorithm for the standard SU (3) lattice gauge theory that
yields results with unprecedented precision, we confirm the presence of a γ/r correction to …

Using advanced lattice methods in quantum chromodynamics, three distinct scales are
established in the excitation spectrum of the gluon field around a static quark-antiquark pair …

Quark confinement and the genesis of the constituent quark model are examined in
nonperturbative QCD in Coulomb gauge. We employ a self-consistent method to construct a …

The authors survey the current status of light-meson spectroscopy, beginning with a general
introduction to meson spectroscopy and its importance in understanding the physical states …