Ethanol, as one of the important bulk chemicals, is widely used in modern society. It can be
produced by fermentation of sugar, petroleum refining, or conversion of syngas (CO/H2) …

Higher alcohols are important compounds with widespread applications in the chemical,
pharmaceutical and energy sectors. Currently, they are mainly produced by sugar …

Lignocellulosic biomass has been recognized as promising feedstock for biofuels
production. However, the high cost of pretreatment is one of the major challenges hindering …

There is an immediate need to drastically reduce the emissions associated with global fossil
fuel consumption in order to limit climate change. However, carbon-based materials …

Syngas is produced by thermochemical conversion, eg, pyrolysis and gasification, of
biomass, animal waste, coal, municipal solid waste and other carbonaceous materials, or …

The direct transformation of syngas into C 2-oxygenates (eg, ethanol) is in great demand,
but it is still challenging because of the low selectivity and poor catalyst stability. Here, we …

In recent years, due to the substantial emission of CO 2, global warming has become more
severe, and there is an urgent need to develop technologies to reduce greenhouse gas CO …

By the end of 2050, the world population is anticipated to reach 10 billion, which will change
the perception of energy utilization. In recent years, the reliance on fossil fuels has shifted …

Tremendous explosion of population has led to about 200% increment of total energy
consumptions in last twenty-five years. Apart from conventional fossil fuel as limited energy …

Achieving an affordable clean energy in accordance to the sustainable development goal
(SDG 7) is a challenge in Nigeria and other nations in Africa. Most of the currently used …