Metal ions are essential for many reactions, but excess metals can be toxic. In bacteria,
metal limitation activates pathways that are involved in the import and mobilization of metals …

Despite enormous progress in understanding the fundamentals of bacterial gene regulation,
our knowledge remains limited when compared with the number of bacterial genomes and …

The importance of memory in bacterial decision-making is relatively unexplored. We show
here that a prior experience of swarming is remembered when Escherichia coli encounters a …

Transcriptional regulation enables cells to respond to environmental changes. Of the
estimated 304 candidate transcription factors (TFs) in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655, 185 …

While iron is essential to sustain growth, its excess can be detrimental to the cell by
generating highly toxic reactive oxygen species. Regulation of iron homeostasis thus plays a …

Anammox bacteria rely heavily on iron and have many iron storage sites. However, the
biological significance of these iron storage sites has not been clearly defined. In this study …

The ferric-uptake regulator (Fur) is an Fe2+-responsive transcription factor that coordinates
iron homeostasis in many bacteria. Recently, we reported that expression of the Escherichia …

Biological regulatory network architectures are multi-scale in their function and can
adaptively acquire new functions. Gene knockout (KO) experiments provide an established …

Transcriptomic data is accumulating rapidly; thus, scalable methods for extracting
knowledge from this data are critical. Here, we assembled a top-down expression and …

Escherichia coli secretes high-affinity Fe3+ chelators to solubilize and transport chelated
Fe3+ via specific outer membrane receptors. In microaerobic and anaerobic growth …