Biorational insecticides are composed of natural products, including animals, plants,
microbes, and minerals, or are their derivates. The use of biorational products for the …

Misconceptions and misperceptions delayed the recognition of the importance of pesticide-
induced hormesis in arthropods. Emphasis on lethality as an endpoint in experiments …

Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) is a highly invasive noctuid pest first reported in northern
Australia during early 2020. To document current status of resistance in S. frugiperda in …

Outbreaks are characterized by a sudden increase in population density of a given species,
and are recognized as an important phenomenon in both natural and artificial systems …

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an important cosmopolitan bacterial entomopathogen, which
produces various protein toxins that have been expressed in transgenic crops. The evolved …

During the production and application of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic crops, large
doses of insecticidal Bt toxic proteins are expressed continuously. The multi-interfacial …

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest of maize crops. The application of synthetic
insecticides and the use of Bt maize varieties are the principal strategies used for its control …

BACKGROUND Pesticide resistance is a growing issue worldwide, and susceptibility of pest
populations should be monitored in migratory intersection regions for successful resistance …

BACKGROUND The highly polyphagous and invasive fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera
frugiperda) can feed on different plant parts of host crops, damaging whorls and stalks in …

Simple Summary Spodoptera litura (Fabr.) is a serious noctuid lepidopteran pest in India
that can be managed using the eco-friendly, radio-genetic inherited sterility (IS) technique …