To have a> 50% chance of limiting warming below 2° C, most recent scenarios from
integrated assessment models (IAMs) require large-scale deployment of negative emissions …

Turbulent mixing from breaking oceanic internal waves drives a vertical transport of water,
heat and other climatically important tracers in the ocean, thereby playing an important role …

We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of
GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4. 1), which builds on component and coupled …

Despite 20 years of effort to curb emissions, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions grew faster
during the 2000s than in the 1990s, which presents a major challenge for meeting the …

A key Earth system science question is the role of atmospheric deposition in supplying vital
nutrients to the phytoplankton that form the base of marine food webs. Industrial and …

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying …

The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

Microbial activity is a fundamental component of oceanic nutrient cycles. Photosynthetic
microbes, collectively termed phytoplankton, are responsible for the vast majority of primary …

Dominance of the Southern Ocean in Anthropogenic Carbon and Heat Uptake in CMIP5
Models in: Journal of Climate Volume 28 Issue 2 (2015) Jump to Content Jump to Main …

The circulation of the Southern Ocean connects ocean basins, links the deep and shallow
layers of the ocean, and has a strong influence on global ocean circulation, climate …