Globally, about 400 million people reside at terrestrial altitudes above 1500 m, and more
than 100 million lowlanders visit mountainous areas above 2500 m annually. The …

In this review we integrate the scientific literature and results-proven practice and outline a
novel framework for understanding the training and development of elite long-distance …

A conceptual framework has a central role in the scientific process. Its purpose is to
synthesize evidence, assist in understanding phenomena, inform future research and act as …

The ketone bodies acetoacetate (AcAc) and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) have pleiotropic
effects in multiple organs including brain, heart, and skeletal muscle by serving as an …

Immune outcomes are key mediators of many health benefits of exercise and are
determined by exercise type, dose (frequency/duration, intensity), and individual …

Background: Finger pulse oximeters are widely used to monitor physiological responses to
high-altitude exposure, the progress of acclimatization, and/or the potential development of …

This report aims to summarise the scientific knowledge around hydration, nutrition, and
metabolism at high altitudes and to transfer it into the practical context of extreme altitude …

Maximal values of aerobic power (VO2max) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2max)
decline in parallel with gain in altitude. Whereas this relationship has been well investigated …

Human Acclimatization and therapeutic approaches are the core components for
conquering the physiological variations at high altitude (≥ 2500 m) exposure. The declined …

The impact of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and sleep disturbances on mood and
cognition at two altitudes relevant to the working and tourist population is unknown. Twenty …