Sleep researchers in different disciplines disagree about how fully dreaming can be
explained in terms of brain physiology. Debate has focused on whether REM sleep …

Several theories claim that dreaming is a random by-product of REM sleep physiology and
that it does not serve any natural function. Phenomenal dream content, however, is not as …

This paper presents an overview of the current knowledge of the neurophysiology and
cellular pharmacology of sleep mechanisms. It is written from the perspective that recent …

Despite an explosion of research in the affective sciences during the last few decades,
interdisciplinary theories of human emotions are lacking. Here we present a neurobiological …

The neuronal network responsible for paradoxical sleep (PS) onset and maintenance has
not previously been identified in the rat, unlike the cat. To fill this gap, this study has …

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized
by the loss of muscle atonia during paradoxical (REM) sleep (PS). Conversely, cataplexy …

At its most basic level, the function of mammalian sleep can be described as a restorative
process of the brain and body; recently, however, progressive research has revealed a host …

Sleep, like breathing, is a biologic rhythm that is actively generated by the brain. Neuronal
networks that have evolved to regulate naturally occurring sleep preferentially modulate …

In the middle of the last century, Michel Jouvet discovered paradoxical sleep (PS), a sleep
phase paradoxically characterized by cortical activation and rapid eye movements and a …

Microinjections of the excitatory amino acid, L‐glutamate into the cholinergic cell
compartment of the pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) of the rat induces both wakefulness …