Vitamin D and the omega‐3 fatty acids control serotonin synthesis and action, part 2: Relevance for ADHD, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and impulsive behavior

RP Patrick, BN Ames - The FASEB Journal, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
Serotonin regulates a wide variety of brain functions and behaviors. Here, we synthesize
previous findings that serotonin regulates executive function, sensory gating, and social …

Sex hormones affect neurotransmitters and shape the adult female brain during hormonal transition periods

C Barth, A Villringer, J Sacher - Frontiers in neuroscience, 2015 - frontiersin.org
Sex hormones have been implicated in neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, dendritic
branching, myelination and other important mechanisms of neural plasticity. Here we review …

Vitamin D hormone regulates serotonin synthesis. Part 1: relevance for autism

RP Patrick, BN Ames - The FASEB Journal, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
Serotonin and vitamin D have been proposed to play a role in autism; however, no causal
mechanism has been established. Here, we present evidence that vitamin D hormone …

[HTML][HTML] Progesterone and contraceptive progestin actions on the brain: A systematic review of animal studies and comparison to human neuroimaging studies

B Pletzer, K Winkler-Crepaz, KM Hillerer - Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 2023 - Elsevier
In this review we systematically summarize the effects of progesterone and synthetic
progestins on neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, myelination and six neurotransmitter systems …

Understanding the pathophysiology of vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats) that occur in perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause life stages

DC Deecher, K Dorries - Archives of women's mental health, 2007 - Springer
Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), commonly called hot flashes or flushes (HFs) and night
sweats, are the menopausal symptoms for which women seek treatment during menopause …

Estrogen receptor beta regulates the expression of tryptophan-hydroxylase 2 mRNA within serotonergic neurons of the rat dorsal raphe nuclei

N Donner, RJ Handa - Neuroscience, 2009 - Elsevier
Dysfunctions of the brain 5-HT system are often associated with affective disorders, such as
depression. The raphe nuclei target the limbic system and most forebrain areas and …

Maltreatment, MAOA, and delinquency: sex differences in gene–environment interaction in a large population-based cohort of adolescents

C Åslund, N Nordquist, E Comasco, J Leppert… - Behavior genetics, 2011 - Springer
The present study investigated a possible interaction between a functional polymorphism in
the MAOA gene promoter (MAOA-VNTR) and childhood maltreatment in the prediction of …

Altered serotonin synthesis, turnover and dynamic regulation in multiple brain regions of mice lacking the serotonin transporter

DK Kim, TJ Tolliver, SJ Huang, BJ Martin… - …, 2005 - Elsevier
To evaluate the consequences of inactivation of the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene on 5-
HT homeostasis and function, 5-HT synthesis and turnover rates were measured using the …

Estrogen selectively increases tryptophan hydroxylase-2 mRNA expression in distinct subregions of rat midbrain raphe nucleus: association between gene expression …

R Hiroi, RA McDevitt, JF Neumaier - Biological psychiatry, 2006 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Ovarian steroids modulate anxiety behavior, perhaps by regulating the
serotonergic neurons in the midbrain raphe nucleus. The regulation of the brain-specific …

Differential tissue distribution of tryptophan hydroxylase isoforms 1 and 2 as revealed with monospecific antibodies

SA Sakowski, TJ Geddes, DM Thomas, E Levi… - Brain research, 2006 - Elsevier
Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the
neurotransmitter serotonin. Once thought to be a single-gene product, TPH is now known to …