The ever-increasing demands for clean and sustainable energy sources combined with
rapid advances in biointegrated portable or implantable electronic devices have stimulated …

Biomass constitutes an appealing alternative to fossil resources for the production of
materials and energy. The abundance and attractiveness of vegetal biomass come along …

Recognition elements, also known as target receptors, are important parts of chemical
sensors and biosensors since they are responsible for the recognition of target analytes of …

Highlights•The three major electron transfer routes are reviewed: 1st, 2nd (mediated
electron transfer) and 3rd generation biosensors (direct electron transfer).•Enzymatic …

Enzyme-based amperometric biosensors represent powerful tools for remote medicine and
in situ analysis. Nowadays, billions of people are surrounded by enzyme-based …

Recent years have faced stimulating developments in the functionalization of electrode
surfaces with biological materials, notably due to the significant input of nanosciences and …

This review summarizes the fundamentals of the phenomenon of electron transfer (ET)
reactions occurring in redox enzymes that were widely employed for the development of …

With the rapid progress in nanotechnology and microengineering, point-of-care and
personalised healthcare, based on wearable and implantable diagnostics, is becoming a …

In biosensors and biofuel cells, it is often desirable to accelerate the electron transfer rate
between the enzyme and electrode surface to improve the performance of the devices …

Nanoporous gold (NPG) obtained via dealloying of Au alloys has potential applications in a
range of fields, and in particular in bioelectrochemistry. NPG possesses a three dimensional …