The purpose of the lens is to project a sharply focused, undistorted image of the visual
surround onto the neural retina. The first pre-requisite, therefore, is that the tissue should be …

Background Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are best known as passive transporters of
water that are vital for water homeostasis. Scope of review AQP knockout studies in whole …

Orthogonal arrays or assemblies of intramembranous particles (OAPs) are structures in the
membrane of diverse cells which were initially discovered by means of the freeze-fracturing …

Background All thirteen known mammalian aquaporins have been detected in the eye.
Moreover, aquaporins have been identified as playing essential roles in ocular functions …

Gap junctional channels are a class of membrane channels composed of transmembrane
channel-forming integral membrane proteins termed connexins, innexins or pannexins that …

High levels of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) cause oxidative
stress in the lens and lead to cataractogenesis. The present investigation was undertaken to …

Cataract and presbyopia are the leading cause of vision loss and impaired vision,
respectively, worldwide. Changes in lens biochemistry and physiology with age are …

Aquaporin-0 (AQP0) is a tetrameric membrane protein and the most abundant membrane
protein in the eye lens. Interestingly, there is little to no cellular turnover once mature lens …

Maintenance of proper biomechanics of the eye lens is important for its structural integrity
and for the process of accommodation to focus near and far objects. Several studies have …

Macromolecular crowding is crucial for cellular homeostasis. In vivo studies of
macromolecular crowding and water dynamics are needed to understand their roles in …