Bacterial communities are often heavily consumed by microfaunal predators, such as
protozoa and nematodes. Predation is an important cause of mortality and determines the …

Blastocystis is a genetically heterogeneous protist found in the intestinal tract (IT) of many
vertebrates, and although it is implicated in a variety of human intestinal disorders, data …

Antipredator strategies of the pupal stage in insects have received little attention in
comparison to larval or adult stages. This is despite the fact that predation risk can be high …

Environmental fluctuations can select for generalism, which is also hypothesized to increase
organisms' ability to invade novel environments. Here, we show that across a range of …

Aposematic bright colors have a key role for animal defense and can be expressed through
metabolic production or by acquiring pigments from diet. Aposematic coloration can be …

The impact of community complexity on pairwise coevolutionary dynamics is theoretically
dependent on the extent to which species evolve generalised or specialised adaptations to …

Background Previous exposure to a pathogen can help organisms cope with recurring
infection. This is widely recognised in vertebrates, but increasing occasions are also being …

Parasites and competitors are important for regulating pathogen densities and subsequent
disease dynamics. It is, however, unclear to what extent this is driven by ecological and …

Many pathogens reside in environmental reservoirs within which they can reproduce and
from which they can infect hosts. These facultative pathogens experience different selective …

Conventionally, predation is assumed to select for conspicuousness and uniformity of
warning signals in aposematic (ie, chemically defended and warning signaling) prey …