Hierarchical materials that exhibit order over multiple length scales are ubiquitous in nature.
Because hierarchy gives rise to unique properties and functions, many have sought …

Crystal phase, an intrinsic characteristic of crystalline materials, is one of the key parameters
to determine their physicochemical properties. Recently, great progress has been made in …

Integrating nanoscale building blocks of low dimensionality (0D; ie, spheres) into higher
dimensional structures endows them and their corresponding materials with emergent …

Elegant protein assembly to generate new biomaterials undergoes extremely rapid
development for wide extension of biotechnology applications, which can be a powerful tool …

Viruses lacking the capacity to infect mammals exhibit minimal toxicity, good
biocompatibility, and well-defined structures. As self-organized biomolecular assemblies …

Virus‐like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins,
exhibiting stable and symmetrical structures. Their precise compositions and dimensions …

Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) have emerged as crucial tools in the field of biomedicine.
Leveraging their biological and physicochemical properties, VNPs exhibit significant …

Bio-nanotechnology has emerged as an efficient and competitive methodology for the
production of added-value nanomaterials (NMs). This review article gathers knowledge …

Bioinspired materials hold great potential for transforming energy storage devices due to
escalating demand for high-performance energy storage. Beyond biomimicry, recent …

Proteins face several challenges in biomedicine, including issues with antibody production,
degradation by proteases, rapid clearance by the kidneys, and short half-lives. To address …