Reasoning, problem solving, comprehension, learning and retrieval, inhibition, switching,
updating, or multitasking are often referred to as higher cognition, thought to require control …

Theories of episodic memory posit that more attentional resources are needed for encoding
specific compared to gist representations. This position has been challenged by recent …

Background Multitasking while reading is a commonplace activity. Many studies have been
conducted examining the effect of multitasking on reading comprehension and times. The …

Narrative recall and comprehension are important lifelong skills. While gesturing may
improve recall by alleviating cognitive load, it may be differentially beneficial, depending on …

Abstract Effects of divided attention (DA) during encoding on later memory performance are
widely documented. However, the precise nature of these effects on underlying memory …

Despite the importance of attention in user performance, current methods for attention
classification do not allow to discriminate between different attention types. We propose a …

Decades of research have established that the intent to remember information has no effect
on episodic long-term memory. This claim, which is routinely taught in introductory cognitive …

Divided attention (DA) at encoding disrupts specific and gist representations for complex
associations in episodic long-term memory. Competing mechanisms may account for these …

Performing retrieval practice of previously studied material can enhance subsequent
learning of new material. This potentiating effect of interpolated testing has been extensively …

People recall and recognize animate words better than inanimate words, perhaps because
memory systems were shaped by evolution to prioritize memory for predators, people, and …