Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive
module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and …

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) treatment combined with long-acting β2-adrenoceptor
agonists (LABAs) reduces the risk of exacerbations in COPD, but the use of ICSs is …

During the process of inhalable formulation development a deep knowledge of the
physicochemical characteristics of the drug and formulation components and the biological …

Although the mucus layer is the first biological barrier encountered by inhaled drugs upon
their deposition in the upper airways, its potential impact on drug dissolution and absorption …

Solid state chemical analysis of pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols at the individual particle
level has been an analytical challenge. These particles can range from a few nanometers to …

The potential of the force control agent magnesium stearate (MgSt) to enhance the aerosol
performance of lactose-based dry powder inhaled (DPI) formulations was investigated in this …

Background Pulmonary drug delivery is characterized by short onset times of the effects and
an increased therapeutic ratio compared to oral drug delivery. This delivery route can be …

The pulmonary route of administration is used for both locally and systemically acting drugs.
However, knowledge gaps about the fate of aerosol particles after deposition in the lung …

Advanced in vitro systems often combine a mechanical-physical instrument with a biological
component eg cell culture models. For testing of aerosols, it is of advantage to consider …

Purpose The purpose of this study was to present a modified Andersen cascade impactor
(ACI) as a platform to evaluate the deposition and subsequent transport of aerosol …