Topical products, widely used to manage skin conditions, have evolved from simple potions
to sophisticated delivery systems. Their development has been facilitated by advances in …

Skin is a widely used route of delivery for local and systemic drugs and is potentially a route
for their delivery as nanoparticles. The skin provides a natural physical barrier against …

Introduction: Skin disorders will continue to cause complications in patients. At present, there
is an expansion of research into dermatologic treatment due to a critical need for new …

Topical delivery to the various regions of the skin and underlying tissues, transdermal drug
delivery and dermal exposure to environmental chemicals are important areas of research …

A comprehensive transient model of chemical penetration through the stratum corneum,
viable epidermis and dermis formulated in terms of an Excel™ spreadsheet and associated …

In the development and optimization of dermatological products, In Vitro Permeation Testing
(IVPT) is pivotal for controlled study of skin penetration. To enhance standardization and …

Objective Increasing consumer demand for natural and environmentally friendly products is
driving the cosmetic industry to seek greener and safer processes. High‐frequency …

This study examined a number of factors that can impact the outcomes of in vitro human
epidermal permeation coefficients for aliphatic alcohols and steroids, including receptor …

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Many products are applied to human
skin for local effects in deeper tissues. Animal studies suggest that deep dermal and/or …

These words, written by Frazier and Blank in 1954, suggested that the external treatment of
skin disorders in the mid-20th century was probably as haphazard as it was in ancient times …