This paper surveys the recent literature on the causal relationship between education and
earnings. I focus on four areas of work: theoretical and econometric advances in modelling …

This chapter summarizes recent research in economics that investigates differentials by race
and gender in the labor market. We start with a statistical overview of the trends in labor …

We study the sources of racial disparities in income using anonymized longitudinal data
covering nearly the entire US population from 1989 to 2015. We document three results …

From the author of Bowling Alone and Our Kids, a “sweeping yet remarkably
accessible”(The Wall Street Journal) analysis that “offers superb, often counterintuitive …

The economic convergence of American regions has greatly slowed, and rates of long-term
nonemployment have even been diverging. Simultaneously, the rate of non-employment for …

After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of incarceration in the
United States more than quadrupled in the past four decades. The Committee on the …

We present new evidence on the evolution of black–white earnings differences among all
men, including both workers and nonworkers. We study two measures:(i) the level earnings …

Adopting a new approach to historical data, Peter H Lindert and Jeffrey G Williamson have
charted the history of American incomes‐and income inequality‐since colonial times. Here …

The earnings difference between white and black workers fell dramatically in the United
States in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This article shows that the expansion of the …

In 1960, 94 percent of doctors and lawyers were white men. By 2010, the fraction was just 62
percent. Similar changes in other highly‐skilled occupations have occurred throughout the …