B lymphocytes have a central role in autoimmune diseases, which are often defined by
specific autoantibody patterns and feature a loss of B cell tolerance. A prototypic disease …

Women have stronger immune responses to infections and vaccination than men.
Paradoxically, the stronger immune response comes at a steep price, which is the high …

The aetiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is multifactorial, and includes
contributions from the environment, stochastic factors, and genetic susceptibility. Great gains …

Type I interferons have been suspected for decades to have a crucial role in the
pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Evidence has now overturned several …

Approximately 5% of the world-wide population is affected by autoimmune diseases.
Overall, autoimmune diseases are still difficult to treat, impose a high burden on patients …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting multiple
organs. A complex interaction of genetics, environment, and hormones leads to immune …

The preclinical phase of autoimmune disorders is characterized by an initial asymptomatic
phase of varying length followed by nonspecific signs and symptoms. A variety of …

Autoimmune connective tissue diseases arise in a stepwise fashion from asymptomatic
preclinical autoimmunity. Type I interferons have a crucial role in the progression to …

The current treatment approach for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as outlined in the
recommendations by international medical associations including EULAR and the ACR, is …

Recent studies have identified critical roles for B cells in triggering autoimmune germinal
centers (GCs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other disorders. The mechanisms …