Micro-and nanoscale robots that can effectively convert diverse energy sources into
movement and force represent a rapidly emerging and fascinating robotics research area …

After decades of development, microrobots have exhibited great application potential in the
biomedical field, such as minimally invasive surgery, drug delivery, and bio‐sensing …

Untethered microrobots offer a great promise for localized targeted therapy in hard-to-
access spaces in our body. Despite recent advancements, most microrobot propulsion …

Micromotors are recognized as promising candidates for untethered micromanipulation and
targeted cargo delivery in complex biological environments. However, their feasibility in the …

The development of stimuli‐responsive soft actuators, a task largely undertaken by material
scientists, has become a major driving force in pushing the frontiers of microrobotics …

Chemically powered micro‐and nanomotors are small devices that are self‐propelled by
catalytic reactions in fluids. Taking inspiration from biomotors, scientists are aiming to find …

With much advancement in the field of nanotechnology, bioengineering, and synthetic
biology over the past decade, microscales and nanoscales devices are becoming a reality …

The use of tools can be traced back to the beginning of recorded history and represents a
significant step in the evolution of mankind. A machine is a tool that can perform intended …

Development of bioinspired nanomachines with an efficient propulsion and cargo-towing
has attracted much attention in the last years due to their potential biosensing, diagnostics …

Inspired by the swimming of natural microorganisms, synthetic micro‐/nanomachines, which
convert energy into movement, are able to mimic the function of these amazing natural …