Pollution emissions may differ between urban and rural areas owing to inefficient allocation
of regulatory resources. Based on the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Pollution Emission …

The impacts of nature reserves (NRs) and ecotourism on local economies are considered
controversial. By surveying households residing inside and outside of six giant panda NRs …

摘要地球进入人类世新纪元以来, 人地关系变得异常复杂难解, 生计作为驱动人地关系演化的
重要因素, 为理解复杂的人地关系提供了新视角与新工具, 目前以“人地关系” …

Understanding rural livelihood strategies and environmental resource dependence can help
to reduce and prevent livelihood stresses induced by environmental resource degradation …

Ecosystem services (ESs) include the benefits people receive from ecosystems that support
the socio-economic requirements and human well-being. The Man and Biosphere (MAB) …

Introduction Human dependence on forests is a multifaceted phenomenon. The degree of
reliance on forests varies geographically, overtime and across communities. These …

In assessment of costs (and benefits) of wildlife conservation, conventional economic
valuation frameworks may inadequately address various non-tangible values and neglect …

Rural livelihoods in developing countries are disproportionately vulnerable to multiple
shocks and stresses that exacerbate vulnerability, which can result in increased …

The problem of desertification (DSF) is one of the most severe environmental disasters
which influence the overall condition of the environment. In Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit on …

Scholars contend that governance structure, whether community-facilitated or state-
facilitated natural resource management, shape environmental resource use. However, the …