The present “state of the art” and the path to future progress in high-spatial-resolution
imaging interferometry is reviewed. The review begins with a treatment of the fundamentals …

Astronomical observations are dependent on focal-plane instruments, and detectors
continue to play a key role. The detector technology is evolving rather fast with the large …

The speckle imaging is a photographic technique that resolves objects viewed through
severely distorted media. The results are insensitive to the errors caused by apparent size of …

Optical interferometry with single aperture, as well as with multi-aperture require high quality
sensor that enables to obtain snap shots with a very fast time resolution of the order of (i) …

The atmospheric coherence is a highly variable parameter depending upon the high velocity
wind. The size of the atmospheric coherence length widely known as, Fried's parameter, ro …

The speckle imaging is a photographic technique that resolves objects viewed through
severely distorted media. The results are insensitive to the errors caused by apparent size of …

This article begins with the discussions on the formation of speckles in the case of non-
coherent quasi monochromatic source and of ways to detect them. Prior to this, a brief …