Most viral pathogens in humans have animal origins and arose through cross-species
transmission. Over the past 50 years, several viruses, including Ebola virus, Marburg virus …

Influenza viruses replicate within the nucleus of the host cell. This uncommon RNA virus trait
provides influenza with the advantage of access to the nuclear machinery during replication …

Preventing and controlling influenza virus infection remains a global public health
challenge, as it causes seasonal epidemics to unexpected pandemics. These infections are …

With the constant threat of emergence of a novel influenza virus pandemic, there must be
continued evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to virulence. Although the …

Despite decades of surveillance and pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions,
seasonal influenza viruses continue to cause epidemics around the world each year. The …

Seasonal influenza vaccines lack efficacy against drifted or pandemic influenza strains.
Developing improved vaccines that elicit broader immunity remains a public health priority …

In the current century, the development of medicine and molecular biotechnology led to
successful containment and even eradication of some human pathogens, especially in …

Highlights•Bats are a very important source of emerging viruses.•Bat coronavirus, filovirus,
paramyxovirus and reovirus are known zoonotic viruses.•Many of the emergent bat viruses …

Influenza A virus (IAV) is the sole cause of the unpredictable influenza pandemics and
deadly zoonotic outbreaks and constitutes at least half of the cause of regular annual …

Influenza A virus (IAV), a highly infectious respiratory pathogen, has continued to be a
significant threat to global public health. To complete their life cycle, influenza viruses have …