Melanoma is recognized as the most dangerous type of skin cancer, with high mortality and
resistance to currently used treatments. To overcome the limitations of the available …

Significant advancements have been made in recent years in the development of highly
sophisticated skin organoids. Serving as three-dimensional models that mimic human skin …

Background Only a minority of melanoma patients experience durable responses to
immunotherapies due to inter-and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in melanoma. As a result …

Cancer therapies trigger diverse cellular responses, ranging from apoptotic death to
acquisition of persistent therapy-refractory states such as senescence. Tipping the balance …

Tumor organoids have been pushed forward as advanced model systems for in vitro
oncology drug testing, with the eventual goal to direct personalized cancer treatments …

Backgrounds & Aims Fluoropyrimidine c (5-fluorouracil [5FU]) increasingly represents the
chemotherapeutic backbone for neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and palliative treatment of …

Digestive system cancers account for nearly half of all cancers around the world and have a
high mortality rate. Cell culture and animal models represent cornerstones of digestive …

Lung cancer organoid (LCO) is a novel model of lung cancer that facilitates drug screening.
However, the success rate of LCOs varies from 7% to 87%, and the culture medium …

Euthyroidism is of profound importance for lifetime health. However, the early diagnosis or
therapeutics of thyroid developmental defects has not been established, mainly due to …

Simple Summary The clinical success of cancer immunotherapy targeting immune
checkpoints (eg, PD-1, CTLA-4) has ushered in a new era of cancer therapeutics aimed at …