Concluding remarks Bat flies are highly specialized for a nearly permanent ectoparasitic
relationship with their hosts, the Chiroptera. Although known life-histories are rather similar …

The highest density of bat species in the world is reached in South and Central America.
Representatives of nine families occur in this gigantic region between the southern part of …

The family Streblidae consists of obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of bats. The
richness of Streblidae may be affected by environmental and host-related variables …

Host specificity gauges the degree to which a parasite occurs in association with host
species and is among the most fundamental properties of parasite–host associations. The …

Bats and bat flies are intimately associated and are relevant models to study the effects of
anthropogenic impacts when bats are highly distributed in urban environments. The lack of …

The family Streblidae comprises a monophyletic group of Hippoboscoidea, hematophagous
dipterans that parasitize bats. Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp. have been reported in bats …

Streblid bat flies are obligate and host‐specific blood‐feeding ectoparasites of bats. While
the bat flies of some American countries are well studied (eg, Panama, Venezuela), little is …

Studies on the parasitology of ectoparasitic bat flies are scarce, and they are needed to
identify patterns in parasitism. Hence, in the present study, we assessed community …

Parasitism is one of the most diverse and abundant modes of life, and of great ecological
and evolutionary importance. Notwithstanding, large groups of parasites remain relatively …

The adaptive immune system has a major impact on parasite resistance and life history
strategies. Immunological defence is costly both in terms of immediate activation and long …