The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular reprogramming process that
occurs during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. This process involves …

Simple Summary Almost all cell types produce extracellular vesicles that, according to their
size, subcellular origin and release pathways, are mainly categorized as exosomes …

Macrophage‐myofibroblast transition (MMT) is a newly discovered pathway for mass
production of pro‐tumoral cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in non‐small cell lung …

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), enriched in the tumor stroma, have received
increasing attention because of their multifaceted effects on tumorigenesis, development …

Lung cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths
worldwide. Despite advances in treatment options, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer …

Intercellular communication plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression
through direct contact and indirect interactions, such as via secretory molecules. Cancer …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has attracted attention as a tumor suppressor because
of its potent growth-suppressive effect on epithelial cells. Dysregulation of the TGF-β …

Simple Summary The glycocalyx is a fluffy sugar coat covering the surface of all mammalian
cells. While glycocalyx at endothelial cells is a barrier to tumor cell adhesion and …

Abstract Tumor-derived exosome (TDE)-mediated premetastatic niche (PMN) formation is a
potential mechanism underlying the organotropic metastasis of primary tumors. Traditional …

Cancer is conventionally considered an evolutionary disease where tumor cells adapt to the
environment and evolve eventually leading to the formation of metastasis through the …