Eye drops are the most accessible therapy for ocular diseases, while inevitably suffering
from their lower bioavailability which highly restricts the treatment efficacy. The introduction …

Despite the many advancements in the pharmaceutical and medical fields and the
development of numerous antimicrobial drugs aimed to suppress and destroy pathogenic …

Clinically available medications face several hurdles that limit their therapeutic activity,
including restricted access to the target tissues due to biological barriers, low bioavailability …

Topical eye drops still face challenges of low-drug treatment effects and frequent dosing in
ophthalmic applications due to the low preocular retention rate and low transcorneal …

Infectious diseases constitute an increasing threat to public health and medical systems
worldwide. Particularly, the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has left the …

Introduction Metformin hydrochloride (metformin HCL), a first-line drug treating diabetes type
II, was known to cause severe gastritis, so seeking a non-oral dosage form was the new …

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) received more attention with the emergence of nanotechnology
with the aim and promise of becoming innovative drug delivery systems. They have been …

Posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) including age macular degeneration (AMD) and
diabetic retinopathy (DR) are amongst the major causes of irreversible blindness worldwide …

Polymer-based nanoparticles of tailored size, morphology, and surface properties have
attracted increasing attention as carriers for drugs, biomolecules, and genes. By protecting …

Local drug delivery to the eye through conventional means has faced many challenges due
to three essential barriers:(a) the complex structure of the cornea limiting drug absorption,(b) …