Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored
how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on …

Evolutionary developmental biology (evo‐devo) explores the link between developmental
patterning and phenotypic change through evolutionary time. In this review, we highlight the …

Abstract Background and Aims The tribe Paullinieae has the highest diversity of vascular
variants among the seed plants. The developmental diversity is better understood in the …

Lianas (woody vines) have a critical role in ecosystem dynamics, especially in the tropics. At
present, there is an increasing need to develop reliable methods to measure liana's growth …

One of the most remarkable innovations in the evolution of vascular plants is secondary
growth: the developmental process by which plants grow thicker. The textbook illustration of …

Wisteria is a legume genus composed of lianas with a disjunct distribution, occurring in
temperate zones of eastern Asia and the eastern United States, being also introduced in …

Serjania is the only genus of Paullinieae that exhibits all types of vascular variants in stems
and includes S. piscatoria with a complex vascular structure that has intrigued botanists for …

Among plants, growth forms vary from tiny herbs and woody shrubs to climbing vines and
charismatic tall trees. A tremendous amount of research has uncovered the fundamentals of …