The molecular mechanisms of cellular insulin action have been the focus of much
investigation since the discovery of the hormone 100 years ago. Insulin action is impaired in …

The mechanism of insulin action is a central theme in biology and medicine. In addition to
the rather rare condition of insulin deficiency caused by autoimmune destruction of …

Background Natural food products have been used for combating human diseases for
thousands of years. Naturally occurring flavonoids including flavones, flavonols, flavanones …

In the wake of the worldwide increase in type-2 diabetes, a major focus of research is
understanding the signaling pathways impacting this disease. Insulin signaling regulates …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the endocytic portal into cells through which cargo is
packaged into vesicles with the aid of a clathrin coat. It is fundamental to neurotransmission …

Phosphoinositides (PIs) make up only a small fraction of cellular phospholipids, yet they
control almost all aspects of a cell's life and death. These lipids gained tremendous research …

Recent genome-wide association studies have described many loci implicated in type 2
diabetes (T2D) pathophysiology and β-cell dysfunction but have contributed little to the …

The epidemic of type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance is one of the main causes
of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In both disorders, tissues such as muscle, fat and liver …

Phosphorylated lipids are produced at cellular membranes during signaling events and
contribute to the recruitment and activation of various signaling components. The role of …

Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide, and it is associated with an increased
risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It is now commonly accepted that chronic inflammation …