Stromatolites document microbial interactions with sediments and flowing water throughout
recorded Earth history and have the potential to illuminate the long-term history of life and …

Antarctica is arguably the world's most important continent for influencing the Earth's climate
and ocean ecosystem function. The unique physico-chemical properties of the Southern …

Geological evidence indicates that grounded ice sheets reached sea level at all latitudes
during two long-lived Cryogenian (58 and≥ 5 My) glaciations. Combined uranium-lead and …

Return of samples from the surface of Mars has been a goal of the international Mars
science community for many years. Affirmation by NASA and ESA of the importance of Mars …

Water is the cellular milieu, drives all biochemistry within Earth's biosphere and facilitates
microbe‐mediated decay processes. Instead of reviewing these topics, the current article …

Psychrophilic (cold-adapted) microorganisms make a major contribution to Earth's biomass
and perform critical roles in global biogeochemical cycles. The vast extent and …

The review summarizes the available knowledge on toxins and their producers from rather
disparate algal assemblages of aeroterrestrial, airborne and other versatile extreme …

The Central Andes region displays unexplored ecosystems of shallow lakes and salt flats at
mean altitudes of 3700 m. Being isolated and hostile, these so-called “High-Altitude Andean …

Background The use of cold-active enzymes has many advantages, including reduced
energy consumption and easy inactivation. The ikaite columns of SW Greenland are …

Benthic organisms in marine ecosystems modify the environment on different spatial and
temporal scales. These modifications, many of which are initially at a microscale, are likely to …