Background People with profound intellectual disabilities are a population with complex
comorbidities. Total pain recognises the interconnectedness of aspects of pain; social …

Purpose: Today, an ever-increasing number of technological advancements are becoming
mainstream. As the availability of technological innovations increases, so do opportunities …

The average life expectancy of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities
(IDDs) is increasing. However, living more years does not mean living better, leading to the …

Background Autism entails reduced communicative abilities. Approximately 30% of
individuals with autism have intellectual disability (ID). Some people with autism and ID are …

The rising prevalence of mental illness is straining global mental health systems, particularly
affecting older adults who often face deteriorating physical health and decreased autonomy …

This study was conducted to determine the effect of using virtual reality (VR) during burn
dressing on the level of fear, anxiety, and pain that children would experience. This …

BACKGROUND: Persons with severe intellectual disability (ID) may be non-verbal and
unable to communicate pain or distress. Consequently, painful conditions may go …

Background: How caregivers perceive the experiences of non-verbal individuals is critical
for quality of care. Despite numerous observational and proxy-reported methods to assess …

Background: Establishing a reliable pain biomarker may significantly improve care for
nonverbal patients otherwise unable to express their pain (eg, individuals with profound …

Hospitalized adults with chronic childhood conditions face additional challenges in both
pediatric and adult care environments. This chapter discusses previously unaddressed …