(L-) tryptophan is metabolized via the kynurenine pathway into several kynurenine
metabolites with distinct functions. Dysfunction of the kynurenine pathway can lead to …

Background: Slow transit constipation (STC) is becoming a common and frequently
occurring disease in today's society, and it is necessary to explore the safe and effective …

Depression is a prevalent condition affecting up to 20% of pregnant women. Hence, more
than 10% are prescribed antidepressant drugs, mainly serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) …

Maternal immune activation during pregnancy is a risk factor for offspring neuropsychiatric
disorders. Among the mechanistic pathways by which maternal inflammation can affect fetal …

Serotonin (5-HT) is a bioamine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary
hypertension (PH). The lung serves as an important site of 5-HT synthesis, uptake, and …

The tryptophan–kynurenine (TRP–KYN) pathway is involved in several biological functions,
including immunosuppression, inflammatory response, and tumor suppression. Six TRP …

Tryptophan is mainly degraded through kynurenine pathway (KP) in vertebrates which is
closely related to the nerve and depression, while the studies on immunity is still limited …

Gestational flame retardant (FR) exposure has been linked to heightened risk of
neurodevelopmental disorders, but the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Historically …

Catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine have been implicated in numerous
physiological processes within the central nervous system. Emerging evidence has …

The placenta represents a non-neuronal organ capable of transporting and metabolizing
monoamines. Since these bioactive molecules participate in numerous processes essential …