Females frequently mate with several males, whose sperm then compete to fertilize
available ova. Sperm competition represents a potent selective force that is expected to …

Ejaculates are fundamental to fitness in sexually reproducing animals: males gain all their
direct fitness via the ejaculate and females require ejaculates to reproduce. Both sperm and …

The Darwin–Bateman paradigm recognizes competition among males for access to multiple
mates as the main driver of sexual selection. Increasingly, however, females are also being …

Sperm experience intense and varied selection that dramatically impacts the evolution of
sperm quality. Selection acts to ensure that sperm are fertilization-competent and able to …

Sperm competition favors large, costly ejaculates, and theory predicts the evolution of
allocation strategies that enable males to plastically tailor ejaculate expenditure to sperm …

Female promiscuity can generate postcopulatory competition among males, but it also
provides the opportunity for exploitation of rival male ejaculates. For example, in many insect …

ABSTRACT A central paradigm in evolutionary biology is that the fundamental divergence in
the fitness interests of the sexes ('sexual conflict') can lead to both the evolution of sex …

Insects display a staggering diversity of mating and social behaviours. Studying these
systems provides insights into a wide range of evolutionary and behavioural questions, such …

Male reproductive success is dependent on insemination success and reproductive output.
During mating, male mosquitoes transfer not just sperm, but also seminal fluid proteins that …

Seminal fluid contains some of the fastest evolving proteins currently known. These seminal
fluid proteins (Sfps) play crucial roles in reproduction, such as supporting sperm function …