The immune system is coordinated by an intricate network of stimulatory and inhibitory
circuits that regulate host responses against endogenous and exogenous insults. Disruption …

Microbial infections are recognized by the innate immune system both to elicit immediate
defense and to generate long-lasting adaptive immunity. To detect and respond to vastly …

Currently approved immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies targeting the PD-1 and CTLA-4
receptor pathways are powerful treatment options for certain cancers; however, most …

All cells in the human body are covered by a dense layer of sugars and the proteins and
lipids to which they are attached, collectively termed the “glycocalyx.” For decades, the …

The CNS is prone to heterogeneous insults of diverse etiologies that elicit multifaceted
responses. Acute and focal injuries trigger wound repair with tissue replacement. Diffuse …

Sialic acids are cytoprotectors, mainly localized on the surface of cell membranes with
multiple and outstanding cell biological functions. The history of their structural analysis …

Cell surface sialosides constitute a central axis of immune modulation that is exploited by
tumors to evade both innate and adaptive immune destruction. Therapeutic strategies that …

Every cell in nature carries a rich surface coat of glycans, its glycocalyx, which constitutes
the cell's interface with its environment. In eukaryotes, the glycocalyx is composed of …

Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease in humans and a major public health
problem worldwide. Systemic plasma leakage, leading to hypovolemic shock and potentially …

Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a
wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to …