The paper seeks to advance our understanding of the extent to which the use of economic
incentives can undermine (“crowd out”) or reinforce (“crowd in”) people's intrinsic …

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) received a lot of academic attention in the past
years. However, the concept remains loose and many different conservation approaches are …

Why, despite an emphasis on'getting institutions right', do development initiatives so
infrequently deliver as planned? Why do many institutions designed for natural resource …

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs are one prominent strategy to address
economic externalities of resource extraction and commodity production, improving both …

Commodification and transnational trading of ecosystem services is the most ambitious
iteration yet of the strategy of 'selling nature to save it'. The World Bank and UN agencies …

Adaptation to climate change is already being delivered by public and private actors, yet
there has been little analysis of the relationships between the providers and beneficiaries of …

Highlights•The effectiveness and equity of payments for ecosystem services (PES) in the
tropics are reviewed.•PES are generally environmentally effective but unfair.•There are …

In this article, we analyse key issues in the Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) debate.
We argue that, despite recent advances, PES research remains weakly theorized in social …

Global conservation discourses and practices increasingly rely on market-based solutions to
fulfill the dual objective of forest conservation and economic development. Although varied …

In a context of continued environmental degradation of agricultural landscapes, the concept
of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) has been attracting growing attention in both …